Basic knowledge of drones

What is a drone？

UAV is the abbreviation of unmanned aircraft (Unmanned Aerial Vehicle). It is an unmanned aircraft that uses radio remote control equipment and its own program control device, including unmanned helicopters, fixed-wing aircraft, multi-rotor aircraft, and unmanned airships. , Unmanned paraplane. In a broad sense, it also includes near-space vehicles (20-100 km airspace), such as stratospheric airships, high-altitude balloons, and solar-powered drones. From a certain point of view, UAVs can complete complex air flight tasks and various load tasks under unmanned conditions, and can be regarded as "air robots".

Classified according to different platform configurations, UAVs can mainly include three major platforms: fixed-wing UAVs, unmanned helicopters, and multi-rotor UAVs. Other small types of UAV platforms include umbrella-wing UAVs, flapping-wing UAVs Manned machines and unmanned spacecraft, etc. Fixed-wing drones are the mainstream platform for military and most civilian drones, and their biggest feature is their fast flight speed; unmanned helicopters are the most flexible drone platform, which can take off and hover vertically in situ; multi-rotor (Multi-axis) drones are the platform of choice for consumer and some civilian uses. Their flexibility is between fixed-wing and helicopters (thrust is required for take-off and landing), but they are simple to operate and low in cost.

Divided by different fields of use, drones can be divided into three categories: military, civilian, and consumer. The performance requirements of drones have their own emphasis:

1) military drones are sensitive, flying height, speed, intelligence, etc. It has higher requirements and is the UAV with the highest technical level, including reconnaissance, decoys, electronic countermeasures, communication relays, target drones and unmanned fighter jets;

2) Civilian drones generally have low requirements for speed, ceiling and range, but have high requirements for personnel training and comprehensive costs. Therefore, it is necessary to form a mature industrial chain to provide spare parts and support as cheap as possible Services. At present, the largest market for civilian drones lies in the provision of government public services, such as police, firefighting, weather, etc., accounting for about 70% of the total demand. We believe that the market with the greatest potential for drones in the future may be For civilian use, new market demand may appear in areas such as agricultural plant protection, cargo speed, air wireless network, and data acquisition;

3)Consumer drones generally use low-cost multi-rotor platforms for leisure purposes such as aerial photography and games.